Specific physical properties in the brain that are related to bipolar disorder are more speculative than determined. Understanding what research has determined are known to be direct links to bipolar disorder and what is hypothesized and requires further study is the focus of this paper Bipolar Disorder By Elliott Subervi Bipolar Disorder “Bipolar disorder is a condition in which people experience abnormally elevated (manic or hypomanic) and abnormally depressed states for short‚ or significant periods of time; in a way that interferes with functioning.(web‚Md) Bipolar disorder has been estimated to affect more than 5 million Americans—about 3 out of every adults. [2] It affects Jul 23, · Bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness in which common emotions become intensely and often unpredictably magnified. Individuals with bipolar disorder can quickly swing from extremes of happiness, energy and clarity to sadness, fatigue and confusion. These shifts can be so devastating that individuals may choose suicide
Master's APA Research Paper on Bipolar Disorder | Ultius
Bipolar Disorder: Abnormalities in Brain Structures and Functions A person experiencing bipolar disorder will feel alternately euphoric and severely depressed of they can have a mixture of those emotional states. This condition is known to e a diseasemuch like any other chronic medical condition, which can be mediated by a medication regimen, but not cured. It is also known that there are elements of the disease which relate to certain structures and processes in the brain.
Specific physical properties in the brain that are related to bipolar disorder are more speculative than determined. Understanding what research has determined are known to be direct links to bipolar disorder and what is hypothesized and requires further study is the focus of this paper. First the condition must be understood from a clinical perspective.
This means that between. Of course, this number could be much higher due to underreporting among individuals who have the symptoms and the medical profession NIH, The etiology of the condition is also mentioned in the above quote which was stated as primarily genetic.
Twin studies have been used in many cases to determine if a condition can be considered genetic or not. The prevalence of the disease in both twins, if they are identical, is considered to be significant. This genetic causation however does not answer the question of cause. Much research has been conducted related to determining the cause of bipolar and other mood disorders. The problem has been that while there may seem to be a correlation between bipolar disorder and some brain structure or processresearch has never proven a consistent direct correlation.
Studies have shown that any number of physical abnormalities could be the issue, but no specific link to anything has been found. However, there have been some breakthroughs with regard to mood disorders which have seemed to correlate well across the spectrum. Low serotonin levels have long been positively linked to a diagnosis of bipolar disorder NIH, Several neurotransmitters, or the lack of same, have been linked to depressed and manic mood.
Serotonin and dopamine both play a role in mood elevation, and when a person has a low level of either of these chemicals in their brain it can be one cause for a mood disorder. Numerous studies have been conducted to find out of there is some element within a bipolar brain that can explain this lack of serotonin and other neurotransmitters. Recent studies have found that a certain gene may be one reason that some people lack the ability to produce adequate levels of serotonin.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF "was reported to promote the function and growth of serotonin 5-HT neurons in the brain, and infusion of BDNF in the adult rat brain induced sprouting of 5-HT nerve terminals" Neves-Pereira, et al. Since the therapy has worked in the brains of animals it is easily extrapolated to humans. However, the study in question did not go beyond examining the research that had already been conducted on animal subjects.
People may be a different story altogether. However, the research is promising. Mainly "given that the principal treatment of apa research paper on bipolar disorder states in mood disorders consists of pharmacotherapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs and that BDNF plays a significant role in serotonin system development, apa research paper on bipolar disorder, the BDNF gene becomes an important candidate in mood disorders" Neves-Pereira, et al.
Because of the discovery of the importance of BDNF, scientists have looked at ways that the factor can be successfully introduced to humans who are plagued with low levels. The success of introduction into animal brains has caused further research to be done into the specific genes that Of course this speaks significantly to a genetic link, but the specific genes associated have not been definitely determined. Segurado, et al. The researcher found that "numerous studies have investigated linkage to BPD over the past 2 decades.
Early reports suggestive of linkage led to a focus on regions of chromosome 11, the X chromosome, and chromosome 18" Segurado, et al. The group looked at more than forty different studies that had been conducted over the past two decades.
Unfortunately the finding were not what the researchers had hoped for. The purpose of the meta-analysis was to see if there were any links between bipolar and these genes that single studies had missed. Unfortunately, "the present analyses provide some support for the hypothesis that regions on chromosomes 14q, apa research paper on bipolar disorder, 9p-q, 10q, 18p-q, and 8q could contain loci that are weakly linked to BPD in multiple populations" Segurado, et al.
This means that while some links were found between the genes that have been determined as most likely links to bipolar and other mood disorders, a direct causal link could not be adequately determined from the studies which had been done previously. These findings have not discouraged researchers. Since there are other conditions which seem to have some link to bipolar disorder, there have been attempts to see if a cause can be found through research done into these other diseases.
Epilepsy has long been known to have a population that exhibits significant symptoms of both mania and depression. Mula, et al. survey revealed that The reason for the high initial number was determined to be the fact apa research paper on bipolar disorder many of the symptoms of bipolar disorder were mimicked by mania and depression common to epilepsy. Epileptic medications also caused some of the false positive information. So, any of the causes associated with epilepsy could not be positively linked as a cause of apa research paper on bipolar disorder. Bipolar has also been found in brain imaging scans which have linked it to "multi-dimensional impairment in children" NIH, The patterns within the brain are similar, but that still does not show how the two are linked.
The chemical signatures are profoundly comparable though, so some studies have looked at the comorbidity of the conditions Segurado, et al.
However, nothing has been discovered yet. Thus, bipolar disorder can have a dampening effect on these three separate functions that the brain tends to regulate.
People with bipolar disorder do not have the same structure for reward and reinforcement that others do. They are unable to less able to differentiate between a reward and apa research paper on bipolar disorder negative consequence. Bipolar disorder has also been positively linked to a depression of the pain receptors within some sufferers. Also, the ability to regulate muscular motions, apa research paper on bipolar disorder, especially when it comes to fine motor control, can be directly correlated to bipolar disorder.
Conclusion Bipolar then definitely has a genetic component that can be seen in both twin study data and other gene studies. However, apa research paper on bipolar disorder, only weak correlations have been found to exist thus far in the studies that have been conducted. Much of the research points to specific gene areas, but the ability of medical science to form a strong positive correlation is limited. Brain structures which regulate the production of the various neurotransmitters have also been investigated, and a permanent solution for adding the neurotransmitter….
References Mula, M. On the prevalence of bipolar disorder in epilepsy. Murphy, F. Neuropsychology of bipolar disorder. The British Journal of Psychiatry, apa research paper on bipolar disorder, Neves-Pereira, M. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene confers susceptibility to bipolar disorder: Evidence from a family-based association study.
American Journal of Human Genetics, Bipolar disorder. National Institutes of Health. Bipolar Also known as manic-depressive disorder, bipolar disorder is a severe mental illness that can be treated with a combination of medication and regular therapy.
Bipolar disorder is classified as a mood disorder, and is qualified by abnormal intensity of moods and mood swings, leading to dysfunctional, erratic, or self-destructive behaviors. When left apa research paper on bipolar disorder or unrecognized, bipolar disorder can disrupt daily functioning and human relationships. Therefore, apa research paper on bipolar disorder, chemical and non-chemical treatment interventions.
bipolar depression, the causes, symptoms, effects on brain and the various forms of treatment available for the disorder. Bipolar depression is an extreme disorder condition in which various situations from high to low, euphoria to depression and recklessness to listlessness occur and this situation can be serious produce the effects of a disabling mental disorder.
The transformation of their loved ones into someone else they do not know and. Cluster B Personality Disorder In this article some of the latest research regarding the Cluster B personality disorders has been given along with their etiology, diagnosis and treatment. Further some research related to the causes, apa research paper on bipolar disorder, preventive measures and treatments of such disorders has been discussed here as well.
The article also presents biblical and cultural points-of-views regarding the disorder. Lastly, various viewpoints associated with the counter transference related to the treatment. Globus pallidusinterna GPI of the patient was treated through DBS. The internal pulse generators IPG helped stimulate the inner cognition area of patient's brain.
Thus, DBS as an effective intervention treatment is corroborated by two results of two independent research studies. Schizophrenia in Neuropsychology Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a rare but complex type of mental disorder which often has life-altering ramifications.
with the knowledge of the symptoms and risk factors of the disorder which. Antipsychotic Medication and the Physical Health Problems of the Patient With Mental Illness More and more attention is now being given to the mental disorders especially in U.
And due to this increase in attention an increase has also been noticed in the treatment of these mental health issues Zuvekas, population that is between the ages of is being affected by mental health. Learning Tools Study Documents Writing Guides About us FAQs Our Blog Citation Generator Flash Card Generator Login SignUp. Download apa research paper on bipolar disorder Research Paper in word format, apa research paper on bipolar disorder. Excerpt from Research Paper : Bipolar Disorder: Abnormalities in Brain Structures and Functions A person experiencing bipolar disorder will feel alternately euphoric and severely depressed of they can have a mixture of those emotional states.
Read Full Research Paper. Bipolar Also Known As Manic-Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Words: Length: 7 Pages Topic: Psychology Paper : Bipolar Disorder Words: Length: 10 Pages Topic: Psychology Paper : Realm of Abnormal Psychology: Cluster B Personality Disorder Words: Length: 8 Pages Topic: Psychology Paper : Tourette Syndrome the Human Condition Words: Length: 6 Pages Topic: Psychology Paper : Facts About Schizophrenia Words: Length: 6 Pages Apa research paper on bipolar disorder Psychology Paper : Mental Patients' Physical Health Who Use Antipsychotic Medication Words: Length: 32 Pages Topic: Psychology Paper :
Bipolar disorder (depression \u0026 mania) - causes, symptoms, treatment \u0026 pathology
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Specific physical properties in the brain that are related to bipolar disorder are more speculative than determined. Understanding what research has determined are known to be direct links to bipolar disorder and what is hypothesized and requires further study is the focus of this paper Bipolar Disorder By Elliott Subervi Bipolar Disorder “Bipolar disorder is a condition in which people experience abnormally elevated (manic or hypomanic) and abnormally depressed states for short‚ or significant periods of time; in a way that interferes with functioning.(web‚Md) Bipolar disorder has been estimated to affect more than 5 million Americans—about 3 out of every adults. [2] It affects Jul 23, · Bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness in which common emotions become intensely and often unpredictably magnified. Individuals with bipolar disorder can quickly swing from extremes of happiness, energy and clarity to sadness, fatigue and confusion. These shifts can be so devastating that individuals may choose suicide
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